Which principle states that exposure to radiation should be minimized?

The principle of optimization, often represented by the acronym ALARA (As Low As Reasonably Achievable), directly emphasizes minimizing exposure to radiation while taking into account social, technical, and economic factors. This principle asserts that all exposures to radiation should be kept as low as possible, consistently advocating for the use of protective measures and technological advances to reduce the amount of radiation an individual may experience.

Optimization not only focuses on limiting unnecessary exposure but also encourages the implementation of best practices and strategies to reduce potential risks associated with radiation. This is important in various fields, especially in healthcare and nuclear industries, where the safety of workers and patients is paramount.

In contrast, the principle of justification relates to establishing whether the benefits of a particular radiation exposure outweigh the risks involved, and the principle of intervention deals with the appropriate actions that should be taken when radiological emergencies occur. The principle of limitation sets specific dose limits that should not be exceeded, but does not emphasize minimizing exposure to the same extent as the principle of optimization.