Which organization is responsible for establishing radiation safety standards in the United States?

The National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP) is the organization that specifically focuses on establishing safety standards related to radiation protection in the United States. The NCRP's mission is to provide recommendations and guidance to ensure the protection of people and the environment from harmful effects of radiation exposure. It assembles committees composed of experts in the field who review scientific data and technological developments to formulate appropriate guidelines.

Other organizations mentioned, while also involved in aspects of health and environmental safety, do not specifically focus on radiation safety standards to the same degree. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) oversees environmental regulations, including some pertaining to radiation, but its primary focus is broader, encompassing various environmental protection issues. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is concerned with measurement standards, including those that relate to radiation, but it does not establish health guidelines. OSHA is primarily focused on workplace safety regulations. Thus, the NCRP stands out as the authoritative body dedicated specifically to radiation safety standards.