What type of radiation is emitted during radioactive decay?

During radioactive decay, a substance can emit alpha particles, beta particles, or gamma rays, which are all forms of radiation associated with changes in the nucleus of an atom. Radioactive decay refers specifically to the process by which unstable atomic nuclei release energy to reach a more stable state.

Alpha radiation consists of helium nuclei and is emitted during certain types of decay, typically when heavy elements like uranium or radium decay. Beta radiation is the result of the conversion of a neutron into a proton (or vice versa) within the nucleus, leading to the emission of an electron or positron. Gamma radiation is high-energy electromagnetic radiation that is emitted from the nucleus as a way to rid itself of excess energy during the decay process.

In contrast, options that list only specific types like X-rays or ultraviolet radiation do not encompass the full spectrum of emissions typically associated with radioactive decay processes. While X-ray and ultraviolet radiation are forms of electromagnetic radiation, they are not typically emitted during radioactive decay. Hence, the correct answer focuses on the comprehensive types of radiation emitted during radioactive decay, which are alpha, beta, and gamma radiation.