In radiation safety, what does the term "shielding" refer to?

The term "shielding" in radiation safety specifically refers to the use of barriers designed to absorb or block radiation. This is a critical principle in radiation protection, as the aim is to reduce radiation exposure to personnel, patients, and the environment. Shielding materials can vary in composition, including lead, concrete, and other dense materials, which effectively attenuate the intensity of different types of radiation, such as gamma rays or X-rays.

The purpose of shielding is to prevent radiation from penetrating into areas where it may pose a risk, ensuring that exposure levels stay within safe and acceptable limits. Proper shielding is an essential aspect of the design and implementation of radiation facilities, whether in medical imaging, nuclear power plants, or research labs.